The Art of Juggling Languages: How Interpreters Bridge Communication Gaps

Language, in all its complexity, can be a bridge or a barrier. When nuances are lost in translation, the consequences can be significant. But how do interpreters navigate the intricate world of language to ensure accurate and effective communication?

The Weight of a Word: A Cold War Misunderstanding

In 1956, a seemingly simple phrase uttered by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev sent shockwaves through the Western world. "My vas pokhoronim!" was translated as "We will bury you!" This heightened Cold War tensions, potentially setting back East/West relations by a decade. The intended meaning, "We will live to see you buried," suggesting Communism would outlast Capitalism, was far less aggressive. This incident underscores the critical role interpreters play in shaping global perceptions.

The Interpreter's Skillset: More Than Just Bilingualism

So, how do interpreters prevent such miscommunications? It requires rigorous training and a unique skillset. While consecutive interpretation, with pauses for translation, was the norm, the advent of radio technology led to simultaneous interpretation. This allows audiences to listen in their preferred language in real-time.

Mastering the Craft: Training and Techniques

Becoming a conference interpreter takes approximately two years of dedicated training for already fluent bilinguals. This intensive process involves:

• Expanding vocabulary
• Mastering essential skills
• Shadowing speakers to mirror their words and intonation
• Paraphrasing and making stylistic adjustments
• Introducing a second language to build new neural pathways

Tricks of the Trade: Overcoming Linguistic Hurdles

Interpreters develop strategies to manage speed, complex terminology, and diverse accents. These include:

• Using acronyms for lengthy names
• Opting for generic terms when precision is challenging
• Leveraging visual aids like slides
• Temporarily using the original term while seeking the best translation

Remaining Calm Under Pressure: Handling the Unexpected

Interpreters must maintain composure in high-pressure situations. They have no control over a speaker's content or clarity. They often perform before large audiences in intimidating environments, such as the UN General Assembly. Preparation is key:

• Creating glossaries in advance
• Thoroughly researching the subject matter
• Reviewing previous discussions on the topic

The Power of Collaboration: Working in Tandem

Interpreters typically work in pairs. One focuses on translating in real-time, while the other provides support by:

• Locating documents
• Looking up words
• Finding relevant information

Due to the intense concentration required, they switch roles every 30 minutes, highlighting the importance of teamwork.

The Interpreter's Impact: Preventing the Failure of Language

Language is powerful, and misinterpretations can have dire consequences. As Margaret Atwood said, "War is what happens when language fails." Conference interpreters understand this implicitly and work tirelessly to ensure clear and accurate communication, bridging cultural and linguistic divides.